How Does Battery Technology Affect Car Performance And Efficiency?
As with many sectors, the automotive industry is undergoing a major transformative shift with the rise of electric vehicles (EVs).
Significant developments in battery technology are at the heart of this transformation. Improved batteries mean better EV efficiency and performance, cost, and environmental impact.
Here’s a closer look at how advancements in battery technology are shaping the future of transportation.
Energy Density and Range
One of a battery’s most essential elements is its ability to hold onto energy or its energy density.
Its energy density determines how much power a battery can store for its given size or weight.
With more energy-dense batteries, EVs can travel longer distances on a single charge.
As battery technologies improve, we will see EVs with ranges that possibly offer the same as those of a petrol-driven car and maybe exceed them over time.
For example, in terms of development speed, lithium-ion batteries’ current standard has significantly improved energy density.
Also, emerging technologies like solid-state batteries promise even higher energy densities, potentially doubling the range of today’s EVs.
However, a significant concern is the charging speed of new batteries.
Charging Speed
The time it takes to recharge an EV is another key factor affecting convenience and performance.
But there are continuous innovations in battery chemistry and charging infrastructure that are enabling faster charging:
- Combined with improved battery designs, Ultra-fast charging stations can add hundreds of kilometres of range in just minutes.
- Advanced cooling systems are being developed to prevent overheating during rapid charging, ensuring battery longevity and efficiency.
There are different levels of charging stations in the USA, and new ultra-fast charging networks are in use. Currently, these ultra-fast chargers can deliver up to 500kW, which can reduce charging time to under 15 minutes for long-range EVs.
Battery Weight and Vehicle Dynamics
A car’s battery weight can significantly impact its performance.
After all, heavier batteries can:
- Increase a vehicle’s energy consumption.
- Affect handling and acceleration.
Currently, modern battery companies are developing new technologies to address this weight-to-energy ratio, which enhances overall vehicle dynamics.
Power Output
Electric vehicles can deliver instant power to their wheels via electric motors. This ability is crucial for high-performance EVs.
It also means that acceleration speeds are improving with battery technology: A well-designed battery provides rapid power delivery, enabling impressive 0-100 kph times.
Most EVs can accelerate under 8 seconds to 100 kph (think Nissan Leaf), which is close to the performance of a 1980s Ferrari (a Ferrari 308 GTSi 2.9L V8 did a time of seven seconds to 100 kph).
Also, with new battery developments, these take-off speeds are consistent due to advanced cooling and thermal management systems.
Lifecycle and Durability
Newer batteries are being designed to last longer and be more durable. The longevity of newer batteries will affect both the cost of ownership and environmental sustainability.
Like current batteries, modern batteries are being designed to be recyclable, reducing the environmental impact of battery production and disposal.
Advanced battery management systems (BMS) also play a critical role in optimising performance and extending battery lifespan.
New Batteries Are Coming, But Keep Your One Running
Battery technology is advancing, the cornerstone of the EV revolution. However, with South Africa’s lack of a charging network and the high cost of purchasing an EV, for now, we’ll all need to keep our cars running.
However, to fit a more advanced battery into your car, visit one of our many stockists for a Willard Battery.